ENGLISH - ANGLAIS -

FRANÇAIS - FRENCH - FRANZÖSISCH

DEUTSCH - ALLEMAND - GERMAN

ad lib ; freely ; free choice ; fed free choice

additional supplementation, supplementary feeding, extra feed & minerals
The supplement should not be a substitute for available grazing.

adequate

Alopecurus pratensis, Meadow Foxtail, Field Meadow Foxtail : Graminaceae originating from Europe and Asia and widely cultivated for pasture and hay : especially useful as pasture. Made into silage in combination with legumes.

apple

artificial hays

assess the nutritional value of (to)

ballast ?

barley

beet

beet pulp

bermuda, bermuda grass, Cynodon dactylon, Bahama grass, devil's grass, couch grass, wire grass, Indian doab : a grass found and cultivated through the world in warm climates Originates from Africa savannas and called bermuda grass in the US because it was introduced from the Bermuda Island. Bermuda grass is a creeping grass, and will creeps along the ground and root wherever a node touches the ground ; so it is considered a very invasive and competitive weed, but it is highly nutritional for cattle.

beverage

biotin

bran, wheat Bran

This by-product of the milling industry is often used as a horse feed. Bran contains about 17% protein, (the protein is of low quality) and is considered a laxative feed.

also see rice bran.

bulk

calories

Canola (« Canadian oil »?) is a trademarked cultivar, originating from Canada, of the rapeseed plant, from which rapeseed oil is obtained.

carbohydrates, glucides

carrot

cereals, grain, crops

change
a radical change in feed.

clover

clover

consume (to)

corn (Am), maize

corn (Br), wheat

crops, cereals, grains

diet

digest (to)

digestibility
its low digestibility

digestion, the digestive process

digestive system

energetic needs, the energy requirement, caloric needs

fat, fats

fatten (to)

feed (to)
to feed a horse

to feed a supplement

feed a supplement (to)

feeding

formulate an ideal ration (to)

freely ; free choice ; fed free choice

fruit

fully

garlic

glucide, carbohydrate

grain, cereals, crops

grass hay (ex : prairie grass, timothy and bermuda)

grass silage (haylage) : fodder of higher moisture content than hay stored in airtight structure.
Grass silage is no longer recommended due to the risk of botulism.

grass, pasture grass, pasture

graze (to)

hay : the mainstay of any horse’s diet.  Grass hay, includes timothy, brome, and orchard grass.  Alfalfa hay which has higher protein, three times the calcium and more vitamins than grass hay, is often fed to young, growing horses and lactating broodmares. Good hay has a bright green color and a fresh smell and is free of mold, dust, and weeds. It is leafy, soft, and dry but not brittle.

high quality hay

hay bale, hay bundle

Henneke Body Condition Scoring System, Henneke body scoring condition chart

horse’s nutritional needs

horses need to have their nutritional and caloric needs met.

hydroelectrolytic solutions, electrolytic solutions, balanced electrolytic solutions : treatment of dehydration with acidosis and electrolytic depletion: diarrhea and colics of different etiology, shock. Intraoperative and postoperative restoration of fluids and electrolytes. Also more and more used as regenerator after intense athletic events, proposed for race, trotter, jump, polo, endurance riding.

intake
adequate intakes

kernel

legume hay (lucerne hay, alfalfa and clover)

legumes : lucerne, birdsfoot treefoil (Lotus corniculatus), alfalfa, clover

lin, flax

linseed, flax seeds

lipids, fats

luzern lucerne (?)

maintenance requirements

maize, corn (Am)

manger

mash, soaking

meal

melilot, sweet clover, Melilotus spp.  Leguminous herbs of the genus Melilotus, used as forage, cover, and soiling crops. Melilotus is a different genus from that of the true clovers. Safe for grazing but when incorporated into hay certain constituents may impair blood clotting. See sweet clover poisoning (vet lexikon).

minerals

molasses

needs, requirements

nourished
fully nourished

nutrition, diet, feeding

nutritional value

nutritionally balanced

oat

oilcake

oilcake, oil meal : basically the high-protein parts of grains that have had the oil removed for use in other industries. Examples : soybean Oil Meal, linseed Oil Meal, cottonseed Oil Meal, sunflower and canola meals (since most canola meal is derived from genetically modified canola, its use as livestock feed is clearly prohibited).

orchard grass, cocksfoot, Dactylis glomerata. family Gramineae. Cultivated as a hay grass more tolerant of drought and shade than timothy but less winter-hardy.

palatable

pasture grass, pasture, grass

pellets

Poa pratensis, Smooth Meadow-grass, renamed Kentucky Bluegrass in the US : a species of grass originating from Europe, nothern Africa and Asia. A very important meadow plant used for grazing and hay.

poisonous plans : hemlock, autumn crocus, ragwort, bracken, monkshood,
digitalis, ground ivy, rye-grass, horsetail,
yew, thuya, spindle-tree,
privet, box, rose laurel,
false acacia (bark)

powder

prairie hay (pasture grass and legume hay)

protein

protein requirement

quality

quantity

rape, rapeseed plant, Brassica napus, cole Seed.
Rape is cultivated for the sake of the oil pressed from its seeds, the refuse being used to make oil-cake, or rape-cake, for feeding cattle.

ration ; servings
horse’s daily ration

a well-balanced ration


the total amount of grain fed each day should be broken down into 2-3 or more servings.

requirements, needs

rice bran : a little-known horse feed supplement. A high-energy foodstuff, with a high fat level and high vitamin E content . Used in performance horses, or in horses that need to gain extra weight

rock salt, salt block

roughage : generally grasses or legumes in either the green or dried state. Also see forage

round bale

Rye-grass, ray grass, red darnel, Lolium perenne L

salt

salt block

seed
linseed, flax seeds

serving

soaking, mash

sorghum, S. vulgare, S. bicolor L

sorghum, Sorghum sp. (Poaceae)

source of calories

soy

specific daily requirement

square bale

straw

straw, forage straw (?)

substitute for

sugar

supplements
vitamin and mineral supplements

supplied
to be supplied
a well-balanced ration needs to be supplied.

sweet, delicacy

timothy, timothy grass, Phleum pratense, herd's grass (GB), cat's-tail grass, meadow cat's-tail grass. Family : Gramineae (grass family). A kind of grass with long cylindrical spikes. It is much prized for fodder Originated in : New England, named from Timothy Hanson, who carried the seed from New England to Maryland about 1720.

timothy, timothy grass, Phleum pratense, herd's grass (GB), cat's-tail grass, meadow cat's-tail grass. Family : Gramineae (grass family). A kind of grass with long cylindrical spikes. It is much prized for fodder Originated in : New England, named from Timothy Hanson, who carried the seed from New England to Maryland about 1720.

titbit, delicacy, sweet

vitamin

water

water needs

wheat, corn (Br)

SCORE

DESCRIPTION

CLASSEMENT

DESCRIPTION

1: POOR

Animal extremely emaciated. Spinous processes, ribs, tailhead, tuber coxae and ischii projecting prominently. Bone structure of withers, shoulders and neck easily noticeable. No fatty tissue can be felt

1 : PIÈTRE CONDITION

("état squelettique")

Extrêmement émacié. Colonne vertébrale, côtes, naissance de la queue et extrémité de la croupe et de l'arrière-train proéminentes. Structure osseuse du garrot, des épaules et du cou facilement apparente. Aucun gras au toucher.

2 : VERY THIN

Animal emaciated. Slight fat covering over base of spinous processes, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae feel rounded. Spinous processes, ribs, tailhead, tuber coxae and ischii prominent. Withers, shoulders and neck structures faintly discernable

2 : TRÈS MAIGRE

Émacié. Légère couche de graisse qui recouvre la base de l'épine dorsale, les apophyses transverses des vertèbres lombaires sont arrondies. Colonne vertébrale, côtes, naissance de la queue et extrémité de la croupe et de l'arrière-train proéminentes. Structure du garrot, des épaules et du cou faiblement apparente.

3 : THIN

build up about halfway on spinous processes, transverse processes cannot be felt. Slight fat cover over ribs. Spinous processes and ribs easily discernable. Tailhead prominent, but individual vertebrae cannot be visually identified. Tuber coxae appear rounded, but easily discernable. Tuber ischii not distinguishable. Withers, shoulders and neck accentuated

3 : MAIGRE

Accumulation de gras jusqu'au milieu de la colonne vertébrale; on ne sent pas les apophyses transverses au toucher. Légère couche de gras sur les côtes. Colonne vertébrale et côtes facilement discernables. Naissance de la queue proéminente, mais impossibilité d'identifier visuellement chaque vertèbre. L'extrémité de la croupe semble arrondie, mais facilement visible. La pointe de l'arrière-train est apparente. Garrot, épaules et cou accentués.

4 : MODERATELY THIN

Negative crease along back. Faint outline of nbs thin discernable. Tailhead prominence depends on con formation, fat can be felt around it. Tuber coxae not discernable. Withers, shoulders and neck not obviously thin

4 : MOYENNEMENT MAIGRE

Légère crête le long du dos. Contour des côtes faiblement visible. La proéminence de la naissance de la queue nécessite une confirmation, on peut discerner le gras qui l'entoure. La pointe de la croupe n'est pas apparente. La maigreur du garrot, des épaules et du cou n'est pas évidente.

5 : MODERATE

Back level. Ribs cannot be visually distinguished but can be easily felt. Fat around tailhead beginning to feel spongy. Withers appear rounded over spinous processes. Shoulders and neck blend smoothly into body

5 : CONDITION MOYENNE

Dos droit (plat). Les côtes ne peuvent pas être distinguées visuellement, mais elles le sont facilement au toucher. Le gras entourant la naissance de la queue commence à être spongieux au toucher. Le garrot semble arrondi sur la colonne vertébrale; les épaules et le cou se fondent en douceur avec le corps.

6 : MODERATELY FLESHY

May have slight crease down back. Fat over ribs fleshy feels spongy. Fat around tailhead feels soft. Fat beginning to be deposited along the side of the withers, behind the shoulders and along the sides of the neck

6 : CONDITION MOYENNE À CHARNUE

Peut avoir une légère dépression le long du dos. Le gras entourant les côtes est spongieux au toucher, celui de la naissance de la queue est moelleux. Il commence à y avoir des dépôts de graisse de chaque côté du garrot, derrière les épaules et de chaque côté de l'encolure.

7 : FLESHY

May have crease down back. Individual ribs can be felt, but noticeable filling between ribs with fat. Fat around tailhead is soft. Fat deposited along withers, behind shoulders and along the neck

7 : EN CHAIR

Peut avoir une dépression le long du dos. Chaque côte peut être sentie au toucher, mais le gras qui remplit l'espace entre les côtes est évident. Le gras entourant la naissance de la queue est moelleux. Dépots de graisse le long du garrot, derrière les épaules et de chaque côté de l'encolure.

8 : FAT

Crease down back. Difficult to feel ribs. Fat around tailhead very soft. Area along withers filled with fat. Area behind shoulder filled with fat. Noticeable thickening of neck. Fat deposited along inner thighs

8 : GRAS

Dépression le long du dos. Côtes difficiles à discerner au toucher. Le gras autour de la naissance de la queue est très moelleux. Les régions situées le long du garrot sont remplies de gras. La région située derrière l'épaule est pleine. L'épaississement du cou est visible. Dépôt de graisse à l'intérieur des cuisses.

9 : EXTREMELY FAT

Obvious crease down back. Patchy fat appearing over ribs. Bulging fat around tailhead, along withers, behind shoulders and along neck. Fat along inner thighs may rub together. Flank filled with fat

9 : EXTRÊMEMENT GRAS

Dépression évidente le long du dos. Ilots de graisse apparaissant sur les côtes. Le gras autour de la naissance de la queue, le long du garrot, derrière les épaules et le long du cou est protubérant. Le dépot de graisse à l'intérieur des cuisses peut toucher l'autre côté. Les flancs sont pleins.

Result : BCS between 1 and 9

Résultat : BCS entre 1 et 9

areas to palpate

zones à palper